Today we learn of opacity in CSS! I made an example here
Information opacity in CSS:
property has a value of opacity of the amount of transparency from 0.0 to 1.0. 0.0 is 100% transparent - anything below the item shows through. 1.0 is 100% opaque - nothing below element will show through.
So, to set an element of transparency of 50%, you may write: opacity: 0.5;
Neither IE 6 or 7 supports CSS 3 opacity property. But you're out of luck. Instead, IE supports a Microsoft-only property "alpha filter". Alpha filters in IE accept values from 0 (fully transparent) to 100 (fully opaque). So, for your transparency in IE, you must multiply your opacity by 100 and add an alpha filter to your style:
Alpha filter for IE: filter: alpha(opacity=50);
Alpha filter for Mozilla: -moz-opacity:0.5;
Example:
Open notepad type below code
<html>
<title>Opacity in CSS</title>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
body
{
background-image: url("http://travelvacationguides.co.cc/opacity_in_css.jpg");
background-repeat: no-repeat;
font-size: 18px;
}
div
{
width: 200px;
opacity: 0.70;
height: 500px;
margin-left: 5em;
background-color: black;
}
p { padding-top: 20px;
text-align:center;
color:#FFFFFF;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div><p>Learn how to make <a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" style="color:#FFFFFF;">opacity in css</a>. this example shows opacity in css in html.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
In this example, I create an html page with CSS easy. I put a background image and a div with the background color black. So I make the div opacity to 70%!
This results in:
Thursday, December 2, 2010
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
Meta Refresh
Meta refresh is basically a simple way to redirect, it is much easier than Java or PHP.
There are two basic parts to the Meta-Refresh code and they are the content and the url. The content is the amount of time before the actual redirection/refresh, and the url is the location you wish to go to.
In this tutorial I am going to have the code redirect to the homepage of w3schoolss.blogspot.com
<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="5;URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
Now it's time to break it down:
<meta http-equiv="Refresh"
This part of the code is what tells the document that you want to use the refresh.
content="5;
This is the content, the content is basically the delay and can be however long you want it to be.
URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
This is the URL, or the final destination of the refresh. You can put in different sites, different pages on your site, or the page itself.
<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="5;URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
This is the final code, as you can see it is very simple and very efficient when you need it.
There are two basic parts to the Meta-Refresh code and they are the content and the url. The content is the amount of time before the actual redirection/refresh, and the url is the location you wish to go to.
In this tutorial I am going to have the code redirect to the homepage of w3schoolss.blogspot.com
<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="5;URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
Now it's time to break it down:
<meta http-equiv="Refresh"
This part of the code is what tells the document that you want to use the refresh.
content="5;
This is the content, the content is basically the delay and can be however long you want it to be.
URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
This is the URL, or the final destination of the refresh. You can put in different sites, different pages on your site, or the page itself.
<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="5;URL=http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com" />
This is the final code, as you can see it is very simple and very efficient when you need it.
Monday, November 29, 2010
Create Rollover Image in CSS
I made two buttons for this tutorial, save it if you want to work with them.
Open Notepad and type the next code:
1.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" />
<title>Create Rollover Image in CSS</title>
<style type="text/css">
a.w3school {
display: block;
background-image: url(http://travelvacationguides.co.cc/w3school.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
}
a.w3school:hover {
background-image: url(http://travelvacationguides.co.cc/w3school-hover.jpg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p style="text-align:center"><a class="w3school" href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com">Create Rollover Image in CSS</a> </p>
</body>
</html>
2.Click on File > Save as and save like HTML
This results in
Open Notepad and type the next code:
1.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" />
<title>Create Rollover Image in CSS</title>
<style type="text/css">
a.w3school {
display: block;
background-image: url(http://travelvacationguides.co.cc/w3school.jpg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
width: 400px;
height: 400px;
}
a.w3school:hover {
background-image: url(http://travelvacationguides.co.cc/w3school-hover.jpg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p style="text-align:center"><a class="w3school" href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com">Create Rollover Image in CSS</a> </p>
</body>
</html>
2.Click on File > Save as and save like HTML
This results in
Thursday, November 25, 2010
Rounded corners in css
CSS3 border-radius feature allows web developers can easily use the rounded corners of the design elements, images without corner, or use multiple div tags and is perhaps one of the most talked about aspects of CSS3.
Since it was first announced in 2005, the property Boder-ray has come to enjoy broad support from the browser (but with some differences) and relative ease of use, web developers have been quick to take full advantage of this emerging technology.
Here’s a basic example:
div.borderradius {
background-color: #eee;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 20px;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 15px;
-moz-border-radius: 15px;
}
<div class="borderradius">This box must have rounded edges to Firefox, Safari / Chrome, Opera and IE9.</div>
This results in
Since it was first announced in 2005, the property Boder-ray has come to enjoy broad support from the browser (but with some differences) and relative ease of use, web developers have been quick to take full advantage of this emerging technology.
Here’s a basic example:
div.borderradius {
background-color: #eee;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-right: 20px;
text-align: center;
border-radius: 15px;
-moz-border-radius: 15px;
}
<div class="borderradius">This box must have rounded edges to Firefox, Safari / Chrome, Opera and IE9.</div>
This results in
This box must have rounded edges to Firefox, Safari / Chrome, Opera and IE9.
Wednesday, November 24, 2010
CSS Vertical List Menu
This tutorial shows how to make vertical css drop down menu. In this tutorial, we do not use images or javascript. Just a simple, cross-browser compatible CSS drop down menu.
First we need the HTML code from our menu of the list is just a regular unordered list.
Example:
<div class="menu">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="20">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="21">About</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="22">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="23">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="24">HTML</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
in the example above, I added a menu item called div around the list, I want to do because it helps me remember what a piece of code does what, if I ever will more. So le's add some CSS to the surrounding menu div called the list.
.menu{
width:50px;
padding:1px;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
background-color:#FFFFFF;
border:1px solid #437E7E; }
Again, this is a nice and easy. Class menu cover the entire width of the div is inside and has a white background with font(Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif), font size(12px).
Then we add to the list Style and elements of the list.
.menu li{
list-style:none;
}
.menu ul li a{
display:block;
padding-left:15px;
height:25px;
margin-top:1px;
line-height:25px;
background-color:#F0F7F7;
border-left:10px solid #C7E2E2;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;;
text-decoration:none;
color:#000000;
}
.menu ul li a:hover, .menu ul li .current
{
background-color:#E5E5E5;
border-left:10px solid #CCCCCC;
color:#666666;}
Once again, it's all quite simple, you should be able to understand a little 'skill CSS code.
This results in:
First we need the HTML code from our menu of the list is just a regular unordered list.
Example:
<div class="menu">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="20">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="21">About</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="22">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="23">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/" linkindex="24">HTML</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
in the example above, I added a menu item called div around the list, I want to do because it helps me remember what a piece of code does what, if I ever will more. So le's add some CSS to the surrounding menu div called the list.
.menu{
width:50px;
padding:1px;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
background-color:#FFFFFF;
border:1px solid #437E7E; }
Again, this is a nice and easy. Class menu cover the entire width of the div is inside and has a white background with font(Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif), font size(12px).
Then we add to the list Style and elements of the list.
.menu li{
list-style:none;
}
.menu ul li a{
display:block;
padding-left:15px;
height:25px;
margin-top:1px;
line-height:25px;
background-color:#F0F7F7;
border-left:10px solid #C7E2E2;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;;
text-decoration:none;
color:#000000;
}
.menu ul li a:hover, .menu ul li .current
{
background-color:#E5E5E5;
border-left:10px solid #CCCCCC;
color:#666666;}
Once again, it's all quite simple, you should be able to understand a little 'skill CSS code.
This results in:
Saturday, November 20, 2010
CSS Horizontal List Menu
This tutorial will show you how to make a horizontal CSS list menu. in this tutorial we are not using images or javascript. Just a simple, cross browser compatible CSS list menu.
First of all we will need the HTML for our list menu, this is just a normal unordered list.
Example:
<div class="menu">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">About</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">HTML</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
in above example I have added a div called menu around the list, I want to do because it helps me remember what part of the code does what, if I ever do it again. Then let's add some CSS to the div called menu surrounding the list.
.menu{
width: 100%;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#ffffff;
background-color: #333; }
Again, this is a nice and easy. Class menu cover the entire width of the div is inside and has a dark gray background with font(Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif), font size(12px).
Then we add to the list Style and elements of the list.
.menu ul{
margin: 0; padding: 0;
float: left;}
.menu ul li{
display: inline;}
.menu ul li a{
text-decoration: none;
color:#ffffff;
float: left;
background-color: #333;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
.menu ul li a:visited
{
color:#ffffff;
}
.menu ul li a:hover, .menu ul li .current
{
color: #fff;
background-color:#0b75b2;
}
Once again, it's all quite simple, you should be able to understand a little 'skill CSS code.
This results in:
First of all we will need the HTML for our list menu, this is just a normal unordered list.
Example:
<div class="menu">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">About</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="http://w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">HTML</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
in above example I have added a div called menu around the list, I want to do because it helps me remember what part of the code does what, if I ever do it again. Then let's add some CSS to the div called menu surrounding the list.
.menu{
width: 100%;
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#ffffff;
background-color: #333; }
Again, this is a nice and easy. Class menu cover the entire width of the div is inside and has a dark gray background with font(Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif), font size(12px).
Then we add to the list Style and elements of the list.
.menu ul{
margin: 0; padding: 0;
float: left;}
.menu ul li{
display: inline;}
.menu ul li a{
text-decoration: none;
color:#ffffff;
float: left;
background-color: #333;
padding: 10px 10px;
}
.menu ul li a:visited
{
color:#ffffff;
}
.menu ul li a:hover, .menu ul li .current
{
color: #fff;
background-color:#0b75b2;
}
Once again, it's all quite simple, you should be able to understand a little 'skill CSS code.
This results in:
Thursday, October 14, 2010
XHTML Tag List
XHTML tags are used to mark-up XHTML elements .XHTML tags are case sensitive, All tags in XHTML come in pairs for example <b> and </b>. The text that lies between the start tag and the end tag is called the element content.In these pair of tags,the first tag is the start tag,and the second tag is called end tag
DTD: indicates in which XHTML 1.0 DTD the tag is allowed. S=Strict,F=Frameset & T=Transitional
Tag | Description | DTD |
---|---|---|
<!--...--> | Defines a comment | STF |
<!DOCTYPE> | Defines the document type | STF |
<acronym> | Defines an acronym | STF |
<abbr> | Defines an abbreviation | STF |
<a> | Defines an anchor | STF |
<address> | Defines an address element | STF |
<area> | Defines an area inside an image map | STF |
<applet> | Deprecated. Defines an applet | TF |
<basefont> | Deprecated. Defines a base font | TF |
<base> | Defines a base URL for all the links in a page | STF |
<b> | Defines bold text | STF |
<big> | Defines big text | STF |
<bdo> | Defines the direction of text display | STF |
<blockquote> | Defines a long quotation | STF |
<br> | Inserts a single line break | STF |
<body> | Defines the body element | STF |
<button> | Defines a push button | STF |
<center> | Deprecated. Defines centered text | TF |
<caption> | Defines a table caption | STF |
<cite> | Defines a citation | STF |
<col> | Defines attributes for table columns | STF |
<code> | Defines computer code text | STF |
<dd> | Defines a definition description | STF |
<colgroup> | Defines groups of table columns | STF |
<dir> | Deprecated. Defines a directory list | TF |
<del> | Defines deleted text | STF |
<dfn> | Defines a definition term | STF |
<div> | Defines a section in a document | STF |
<dt> | Defines a definition term | STF |
<dl> | Defines a definition list | STF |
<em> | Defines emphasized text | STF |
<fieldset> | Defines a fieldset | STF |
<form> | Defines a form | STF |
<font> | Deprecated. Defines text font, size, and color | TF |
<frameset> | Defines a set of frames | F |
<frame> | Defines a sub window (a frame) | F |
<h1> to <h6> | Defines header 1 to header 6 | STF |
<head> | Defines information about the document | STF |
<i> | Defines italic text | STF |
<html> | Defines an html document | STF |
<img> | Defines an image | STF |
<hr> | Defines a horizontal rule | STF |
<iframe> | Defines an inline sub window (frame) | TF |
<input> | Defines an input field | STF |
<ins> | Defines inserted text | STF |
<isindex> | Deprecated. Defines a single-line input field | TF |
<label> | Defines a label for a form control | STF |
<kbd> | Defines keyboard text | STF |
<legend> | Defines a title in a fieldset | STF |
<li> | Defines a list item | STF |
<link> | Defines a resource reference | STF |
<meta> | Defines meta information | STF |
<map> | Defines an image map | STF |
<noframes> | Defines a noframe section | TF |
<menu> | Deprecated. Defines a menu list | TF |
<noscript> | Defines a noscript section | STF |
<optgroup> | Defines an option group | STF |
<object> | Defines an embedded object | STF |
<ol> | Defines an ordered list | STF |
<option> | Defines an option in a drop-down list | STF |
<pre> | Defines preformatted text | STF |
<p> | Defines a paragraph | STF |
<param> | Defines a parameter for an object | STF |
<q> | Defines a short quotation | STF |
<samp> | Defines sample computer code | STF |
<s> | Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text | TF |
<script> | Defines a script | STF |
<small> | Defines small text | STF |
<strong> | Defines strong text | STF |
<select> | Defines a selectable list | STF |
<span> | Defines a section in a document | STF |
<strike> | Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text | TF |
<style> | Defines a style definition | STF |
<sup> | Defines superscripted text | STF |
<sub> | Defines subscripted text | STF |
<table> | Defines a table | STF |
<tbody> | Defines a table body | STF |
<thead> | Defines a table header | STF |
<td> | Defines a table cell | STF |
<textarea> | Defines a text area | STF |
<tfoot> | Defines a table footer | STF |
<th> | Defines a table header | STF |
<title> | Defines the document title | STF |
<xmp> | Deprecated. Defines preformatted text | |
<tt> | Defines teletype text | STF |
<tr> | Defines a table row | STF |
<u> | Deprecated. Defines underlined text | TF |
<var> | Defines a variable | STF |
<ul> | Defines an unordered list | STF |
XHTML Comments
You can add comments to XHTML documents to remind yourself or a document of what others were trying to make a web page. XHTML comments are just the source code of the page and is invisible to your users page - that is, the browser ignore the XHTML content of the comments. XHTML comment is an example of this:
e.g:
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is XHTML comment</h1>
<p>XHTML comments are a useful way for Web developers</p>
<!-- This is XHTML comment -->
</body>
</html>
e.g:
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is XHTML comment</h1>
<p>XHTML comments are a useful way for Web developers</p>
<!-- This is XHTML comment -->
</body>
</html>
XHTML Encoding
XHTML files, and any other text file is stored using a particular character encoding. Since there are many different character encoding in the world, and have no idea what the settings in your default browser of the visitor, always a good idea to explicitly what the encoding used to make your web page . Here is an example of how to declare the character encoding, in this case, the Unicode encoding is used:
e.g:
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
When the browser sees this tag, it will know that the page is UTF-8, and displays the correct. XHTML requires that you declare the encoding, if it is something different then the default UTF-8 or UTF-16. You can also use XML defines the character encoding. Some character encodings are almost identical.
International Character Set Codes
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends the use of UTF-8 if possible - UTF-8 can be used in all languages, and is recommended charset on the Internet. Support is growing fast. However, here is a partial list of countries,languages, & the older characters are generally used for:
e.g:
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
When the browser sees this tag, it will know that the page is UTF-8, and displays the correct. XHTML requires that you declare the encoding, if it is something different then the default UTF-8 or UTF-16. You can also use XML defines the character encoding. Some character encodings are almost identical.
International Character Set Codes
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends the use of UTF-8 if possible - UTF-8 can be used in all languages, and is recommended charset on the Internet. Support is growing fast. However, here is a partial list of countries,languages, & the older characters are generally used for:
Language (country) | Charset |
---|---|
Afrikaans (AF) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Catalan (CA) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Bulgarian (BG) | iso-8859-5 |
Basque (EU) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Byelorussian (BE) | iso-8859-5 |
Croatian (HR) | iso-8859-2, windows-1250 |
Czech (CS) | iso-8859-2 |
Danish (DA) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Dutch (NL) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
English (EN) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Finnish (FI) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Albanian (SQ) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Esperanto (EO) | iso-8859-3* |
Estonian (ET) | iso-8859-15 |
Hungarian (HU) | iso-8859-2 |
Faroese (FO) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Hebrew (IW) | iso-8859-8 |
French (FR) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Galician (GL) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
German (DE) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Icelandic (IS) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Inuit (Eskimo) languages | iso-8859-10* |
Macedonian (MK) | iso-8859-5, windows-1251 |
Irish (GA) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Italian (IT) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Japanese (JA) | shift_jis, iso-2022-jp, euc-jp |
Korean (KO) | euc-kr |
Latvian (LV) | iso-8859-13, windows-1257 |
Lapp | iso-8859-10* ** |
Lithuanian (LT) | iso-8859-13, windows-1257 |
Portuguese (PT) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Maltese (MT) | iso-8859-3* |
Polish (PL) | iso-8859-2 |
Norwegian (NO) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Serbian (SR) latin | iso-8859-2, windows-1250 |
Swedish (SV) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Russian (RU) | koi8-r, iso-8859-5 |
Romanian (RO) | iso-8859-2 |
Serbian (SR) cyrillic | windows-1251, iso-8859-5*** |
Turkish (TR) | iso-8859-9, windows-1254 |
Slovak (SK) | iso-8859-2 |
Slovenian (SL) | iso-8859-2, windows-1250 |
Spanish (ES) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Scottish (GD) | iso-8859-1, windows-1252 |
Ukrainian (UK) | iso-8859-5 |
Arabic (AR) | iso-8859-6 |
XHTML DOCTYPES
There are three current flavors of both HTML 4 and XHTML 1.0: strict, transitional, and frameset. These different levels of support for XHTML are designed to help separate a web page, design of the structure - in essence, the W3C was the allocation of items for the eventual withdrawal of the specifications. XHTML Strict is characterized by the ban of these tags is called depricated. The two levels of support frames and the transition will depricated labels, with the only difference that allows the use of HTML frames.
XHTML 1.0 Strict:
If you plan to use strictly Cascading Style Sheet and does not write most of the XHTML attributes so it is recommended to use this DTD. A document in accordance with this DTD will be better.
If you want to use DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict then you need to put the following in the top of the XHTML document.
XHTML 1.0 Transitional:
If you plan to use a number of XHTML attributes as well as a few CSS style sheet, you should accept this DTD, and you should write a document based on DTD XHTML.
If you want to use XHTML 1.0 Transitional DTD then you need to pur following line at the top of your XHTML document.
XHTML 1.0 Frameset:
You can use it when you want to use HTML Frames to partition the browser window into two or more frames.
If you want to use XHTML 1.0 Frameset DTD then you need to pur following line at the top of your XHTML document.
XHTML 1.0 Strict:
If you plan to use strictly Cascading Style Sheet and does not write most of the XHTML attributes so it is recommended to use this DTD. A document in accordance with this DTD will be better.
If you want to use DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict then you need to put the following in the top of the XHTML document.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
XHTML 1.0 Transitional:
If you plan to use a number of XHTML attributes as well as a few CSS style sheet, you should accept this DTD, and you should write a document based on DTD XHTML.
If you want to use XHTML 1.0 Transitional DTD then you need to pur following line at the top of your XHTML document.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
XHTML 1.0 Frameset:
You can use it when you want to use HTML Frames to partition the browser window into two or more frames.
If you want to use XHTML 1.0 Frameset DTD then you need to pur following line at the top of your XHTML document.
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
XHTML vs HTML
XHTML is not very different from the HTML 4.01 standard.So, bring your code up to 4.01 standard is a good start.
Given the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 has been amended accordingly. You've already seen the XHTML syntax in the previous chapter, then the differences in XHTML and HTML are very clear:
XHTML documents must be well formed:
This means that all elements must have closing tags and all the elements must nest properly.
e.g:
<p>XHTML documents must be well formed:</p>
Attribute names must be in lower case:
XHTML documents must use lower case for all the names of HTML elements and attributes. This distinction is necessary because the document is considered XML XHTML, XML, and uppercase and lowercase letters.
e.g. <p>.....</p>
Document is a XHTML DOCTYPE declaration at the top of the document.
e.g:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>XHTML</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
All the attribute values must be quoted.
All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be numeric.
e.g:
<td rowspan="3">
Given the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 has been amended accordingly. You've already seen the XHTML syntax in the previous chapter, then the differences in XHTML and HTML are very clear:
XHTML documents must be well formed:
This means that all elements must have closing tags and all the elements must nest properly.
e.g:
<p>XHTML documents must be well formed:</p>
Attribute names must be in lower case:
XHTML documents must use lower case for all the names of HTML elements and attributes. This distinction is necessary because the document is considered XML XHTML, XML, and uppercase and lowercase letters.
e.g. <p>.....</p>
Document is a XHTML DOCTYPE declaration at the top of the document.
e.g:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>XHTML</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
All the attribute values must be quoted.
All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be numeric.
e.g:
<td rowspan="3">
Wednesday, October 13, 2010
XHTML Syntax
XHTML syntax is very similar to HTML syntax, and almost all HTML elements are valid in XHTML as well. But when you write an XHTML document must pay a little more attention to your HTML document to XHTML compliance.
Here are important things to remember when writing a new XHTML document, or edit the HTML document, an XHTML document:
Here are important things to remember when writing a new XHTML document, or edit the HTML document, an XHTML document:
- document is a XHTML DOCTYPE declaration at the top of the document.
- Attribute names must be in lower case
- All XHTML tags will have their end tags.
- All the attribute values must be quoted.
- Id attribute replaces the name attribute.
- All tags must be properly nested
XHTML
XHTML is the next generation of HTML and is a hybrid between HTML and XML.
XHTML stands for Extensible HyperText Markup Language.
XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML .
XHTML is almost identical to HTML 4.01 with only a few differences. This version is cleaner and more strict HTML 4.01.XHTML was developed by the W3C to help Web developers make the transition from HTML to XML. By migrating to XHTML today, web developers in the XML world with all its benefits, but still feel safe on their content and backward compatibility.
Developers to migrate their content to XHTML 1.0 will realize the following benefits:
XHTML stands for Extensible HyperText Markup Language.
XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of HTML .
XHTML is almost identical to HTML 4.01 with only a few differences. This version is cleaner and more strict HTML 4.01.XHTML was developed by the W3C to help Web developers make the transition from HTML to XML. By migrating to XHTML today, web developers in the XML world with all its benefits, but still feel safe on their content and backward compatibility.
Developers to migrate their content to XHTML 1.0 will realize the following benefits:
- XHTML compliant XML documents. As such, they are easily viewed, edited and validated with standard XML tools.
- XHTML documents can be written to work better than before in the existing browsers as well as new browsers.
CSS Images
The pictures are a very important part of any web page. Although it is not appropriate to include lots of photos, but it is important to use good images, where it is needed.
CSS played a good role to control the display of images. You can set the following attributes image using CSS.
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" style="border:1px double #000000; height:10%" />
<br />
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" style="border:2px double #000000; height:20%" alt="" />
This results in:
CSS played a good role to control the display of images. You can set the following attributes image using CSS.
- border property is used to set the width of the border.
- height property is used to adjust the height of an image.
- Width property used to set the image width.
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" style="border:1px double #000000; height:10%" />
<br />
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" style="border:2px double #000000; height:20%" alt="" />
This results in:
CSS Outlines
Outlines are very similar to the borders but there are are some important differences in borders & outlines:
Its value should be a length or one of the values thin, medium, or thick.
example:
<p style="outline-width:thin; outline-style:dotted;outline-color:#00FF00">
This text is having thin outline.
</p>
<p style="outline-width:thick; outline-style:solid; outline-color:#FF0000">
This text is having thick outline.
</p>
<p style="outline-width:5px; outline-style:dashed; outline-color:#0000FF">
This text is having 5x outline.
</p>
This Result in
- An outline does not take up space.
- Outlines do not have to be rectangular.
- Outline is always the same on all sides; you cannot specify different values for different sides of the element.
- outline-width property is used to set the width of the outline.
- outline-style property is used to set the line style for the outline.
- outline-color property is used to set the color of the outline.
Its value should be a length or one of the values thin, medium, or thick.
example:
<p style="outline-width:thin; outline-style:dotted;outline-color:#00FF00">
This text is having thin outline.
</p>
<p style="outline-width:thick; outline-style:solid; outline-color:#FF0000">
This text is having thick outline.
</p>
<p style="outline-width:5px; outline-style:dashed; outline-color:#0000FF">
This text is having 5x outline.
</p>
This Result in
This text is having thin outline.
This text is having thick outline.
This text is having 5x outline.
onMouseOver Effects
make the link color or background color change when mouse is moved over by using CSS.
using onMouseOver Effects in CSS very simple. to do this, just follow steps.
Step 1:
In head portion add style that you want the text to change, as follows
<head>
<style>
/*This is how the text will look before mouse over*/
.onmouseover{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration:none;
}
/*This is how the text will look on mouse over. Note "hover" is the most important change here*/
.onmouseover:hover
{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
text-decoration:underline;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
Step 2:
Sets the text style you want the mouse over effects occurring
e.g:
This is the Mouse Over Text
Note: Here we set the style with the tag "class". The style name is "onmouseover" that was created in header portion
For the background color to change, simply add "background-color" property in style tags, as explained above.
e.g :
<head>
<style>
/*This is how the text will look before mouse over*/
.onmouseoverb{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration:none;
}
/*This is how the text will look on mouse over. Note "hover" is the most important change here*/
.onmouseoverb:hover
{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
text-decoration:underline;
color:#FF0000;
background-color:#009966;
}
</style>
</head>
This results in:
This is the Mouse Over Text
using onMouseOver Effects in CSS very simple. to do this, just follow steps.
Step 1:
In head portion add style that you want the text to change, as follows
<head>
<style>
/*This is how the text will look before mouse over*/
.onmouseover{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration:none;
}
/*This is how the text will look on mouse over. Note "hover" is the most important change here*/
.onmouseover:hover
{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
text-decoration:underline;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
Step 2:
Sets the text style you want the mouse over effects occurring
e.g:
This is the Mouse Over Text
Note: Here we set the style with the tag "class". The style name is "onmouseover" that was created in header portion
For the background color to change, simply add "background-color" property in style tags, as explained above.
e.g :
<head>
<style>
/*This is how the text will look before mouse over*/
.onmouseoverb{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
color: #000000;
text-decoration:none;
}
/*This is how the text will look on mouse over. Note "hover" is the most important change here*/
.onmouseoverb:hover
{
font-family:"Times New Roman", Times, serif;
font-size:12px;
text-decoration:underline;
color:#FF0000;
background-color:#009966;
}
</style>
</head>
This results in:
This is the Mouse Over Text
CSS Line Spacing
line-height property is used to specify the amount of vertical space between lines of text. line-height indicated in the units, percentage or a multiplier.
following example shows how to set line-height.
1.<div style="background-color:#0099FF; line-height: 1cm;">
Line height - This is line 1 <br>
Line height - This is line 2 <br>
</div>
This result in:
2.
<div style="background-color:#0099FF; line-height: 30px;">
Line height - This is line 1 <br>
Line height - This is line 2 <br>
</div>
This results in:
following example shows how to set line-height.
1.<div style="background-color:#0099FF; line-height: 1cm;">
Line height - This is line 1 <br>
Line height - This is line 2 <br>
</div>
This result in:
Line height - This is line 1
Line height - This is line 2
Line height - This is line 2
2.
<div style="background-color:#0099FF; line-height: 30px;">
Line height - This is line 1 <br>
Line height - This is line 2 <br>
</div>
This results in:
Line height - This is line 1
Line height - This is line 2
Line height - This is line 2
Custom Cursors
When the user mouse over an element on the page, the mouse cursor changes to indicate what the user can (or cannot) do with that element.
The syntax for specifying a cursor property is shown below:
Syntax
Example Tag:
<div style="cursor: move;"> this is a move type cursor </div>
This result in:
The table below shows the most common values used for the cursor property.
The syntax for specifying a cursor property is shown below:
Syntax
selector { cursor: value; }
The cursor for any element can be set by using the css property "cursor".
Example Tag:
<div style="cursor: move;"> this is a move type cursor </div>
This result in:
this is a move type cursor
The table below shows the most common values used for the cursor property.
Value | Result |
text | text symbol |
pointer | a hand symbol |
wait | loading symbol |
help | question symbol |
move | move symbol |
crosshair | + symbol |
ne-resize | move north-east cursor |
w-resize | move west cursor |
n-resize | move north cursor |
nw-resize | move north-west cursor |
sw-resize | move south-west cursor |
se-resize | move south-east cursor |
e-resize | move east cursor |
s-resize | move south cursor |
url | user defined image as cursor |
default | default cursor |
Tuesday, October 12, 2010
CSS Scrollbars
You can use inline CSS to create your own scrollers through the creation of a smaller box than its contents are defined overflow: scroll This is the equivalent effect of inline frames.
Example
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.scrollbox {
display:block;
width:300px;
border-width: 2px;
border-style: solid;
padding:10px;
border-color:#000000;
margin-top:5px;
height:50px;
overflow:scroll;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="scrollbox">
Property effluent tells the browser what to do if the contents of the box is larger than the box itself. You can also set to hide hidden content that does not fit in the box and visible to automatically extend the box to fit the contents</div>
</body>
</html>
This result in
Property effluent tells the browser what to do if the contents of the box is larger than the box itself. You can also set to hide hidden content that does not fit in the box and visible to automatically extend the box to fit the contents
Example
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.scrollbox {
display:block;
width:300px;
border-width: 2px;
border-style: solid;
padding:10px;
border-color:#000000;
margin-top:5px;
height:50px;
overflow:scroll;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="scrollbox">
Property effluent tells the browser what to do if the contents of the box is larger than the box itself. You can also set to hide hidden content that does not fit in the box and visible to automatically extend the box to fit the contents</div>
</body>
</html>
This result in
Property effluent tells the browser what to do if the contents of the box is larger than the box itself. You can also set to hide hidden content that does not fit in the box and visible to automatically extend the box to fit the contents
CSS Hyperlinks
You can use CSS to change the appearance and behavior of hyperlinks.Links can be styled in different ways.
Links can be style with any CSS property
To do this, you can use the following selectors
- a
- a:link
- a:visited
- a:hover
- a:active
Examples
a {font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12px}
a:link {color:red;}
a:visited {color: #660066;}
a:hover {text-decoration: none; color: #ff9900; font-weight:bold;}
a:active {color: #ff0000;text-decoration: none}
For result copy below code & try it on your browser
<head>
<style type="text/css">
a {font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12px}
a:link {color:red;}
a:visited {color: #660066;}
a:hover {text-decoration: none; color: #ff9900; font-weight:bold;}
a:active {color: #ff0000;text-decoration: none}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p><a href="http://www.w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Hyperlinks</a></p>
</body>
CSS Float
CSS float property lets you decide where to place an element relative to other elements on the page. When using the float property, other elements simply wrap around the item you have applied to float.
Example code:
<div style="width:250px;">
<h1 style="float:left;margin-right:20px;">Text float</h1>
<p>If your browser supports CSS float property, this text will flow around the position. If this does not seem to work, could be a browser compatibility thing ...</p>
</div>
This results in:
Example code:
<div style="width:250px;">
<h1 style="float:left;margin-right:20px;">Text float</h1>
<p>If your browser supports CSS float property, this text will flow around the position. If this does not seem to work, could be a browser compatibility thing ...</p>
</div>
This results in:
Text float
If your browser supports CSS float property, this text will flow around the position. If this does not seem to work, could be a browser compatibility thing ...CSS Height and Width
CSS includes properties height and width to help you specify the size of your items.
'height' & 'width' Properties
Applies to all HTML elements except non-replaced inline, table columns and column groups.
Example
<div style="background-color:#FF0000;height:130px;width:100px;">
This div has height and width applied.
</div>
This results in:
'height' & 'width' Properties
Applies to all HTML elements except non-replaced inline, table columns and column groups.
Example
<div style="background-color:#FF0000;height:130px;width:100px;">
This div has height and width applied.
</div>
This results in:
This div has height and width applied.
CSS Lists
CSS includes a number of list properties to help you style your HTML lists.
List Style Type
If you want something different from the default numbering of ordered lists, discs, or bullets, then all you have to do is choose a different style to their lists.
CSS allows you to select from a wide variety of different list item shapes.
1.
<ul style="list-style-type:circle;">
<li>This list is 1</li>
<li>This list is 2</li>
</ul>
This results in:
<ul style="list-style-type:upper-roman;">
<li>This list is 1</li>
<li>This list is 2</li>
</ul>
This results in:
As we said before, lists of CSS allow you to insert an image instead of normal bullets. A good choice for a ball, an image that is less than the height of your text and graphics is a relatively simple / plain.
<ul style="list-style-image:url(name.gif);">
List Style Type
If you want something different from the default numbering of ordered lists, discs, or bullets, then all you have to do is choose a different style to their lists.
CSS allows you to select from a wide variety of different list item shapes.
- Unordered list styles: square, circle, disc, and none
- Ordered list styles: upper-alpha, lower-alpha, upper-roman, lower-roman, decimal (default), and none
1.
<ul style="list-style-type:circle;">
<li>This list is 1</li>
<li>This list is 2</li>
</ul>
This results in:
- This list is 1
- This list is 2
<ul style="list-style-type:upper-roman;">
<li>This list is 1</li>
<li>This list is 2</li>
</ul>
This results in:
- This list is 1
- This list is 2
As we said before, lists of CSS allow you to insert an image instead of normal bullets. A good choice for a ball, an image that is less than the height of your text and graphics is a relatively simple / plain.
<ul style="list-style-image:url(name.gif);">
CSS Text
In addition to the different properties of CSS sources, there are other properties that may help in the style of text. e.g: you can change the color of the text, align text, add the internal features and more.
CSS Text can be styled using the properties listed below.
CSS Text Color
<p style="color:#FF0000;">This CSS text color is red</p>
This results in:
CSS Text Align
<p style="text-align:center;">This CSS text is aligned center</p>
This results in:
CSS Letter Spacing
<p style="letter-spacing:10px;">This text has letter spacing applied</p>
This results in:
CSS Word Spacing
<p style="word-spacing:20px;">This text has word spacing applied</p>
This results in:
CSS Text Transform
<p style="text-transform:capitalize;">this text has been capitalized.</p>
<p style="text-transform:lowercase;">THIS TEXT HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED TO LOWERCASE</p>
<p style="text-transform:uppercase;">This text has been transformed to uppercase</p>
This results in:
CSS Text Decoration
<p style="text-decoration:blink;">This text is blinking</p>
<p style="text-decoration:underline;">This text has a line underneath</p>
<p style="text-decoration:overline;">This text has a line over the top</p>
<p style="text-decoration:line-through;">This text has a line through the middle</p>
This results in:
CSS Text can be styled using the properties listed below.
CSS Text Color
<p style="color:#FF0000;">This CSS text color is red</p>
This results in:
This CSS text color is red
CSS Text Align
<p style="text-align:center;">This CSS text is aligned center</p>
This results in:
This CSS text is aligned center
CSS Letter Spacing
<p style="letter-spacing:10px;">This text has letter spacing applied</p>
This results in:
This text has letter spacing applied
<p style="word-spacing:20px;">This text has word spacing applied</p>
This results in:
This text has word spacing applied
<p style="text-transform:capitalize;">this text has been capitalized.</p>
<p style="text-transform:lowercase;">THIS TEXT HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED TO LOWERCASE</p>
<p style="text-transform:uppercase;">This text has been transformed to uppercase</p>
This results in:
this text has been capitalized.
THIS TEXT HAS BEEN TRANSFORMED TO LOWERCASE
This text has been transformed to uppercase
<p style="text-decoration:blink;">This text is blinking</p>
<p style="text-decoration:underline;">This text has a line underneath</p>
<p style="text-decoration:overline;">This text has a line over the top</p>
<p style="text-decoration:line-through;">This text has a line through the middle</p>
This results in:
This text is blinking
This text has a line underneath
This text has a line over the top
This text has a line through the middle
Monday, October 11, 2010
CSS Padding
Padding defines the space between the element's border and its content. CSS padding is specified just like margins - they can be set individually for each side, or all sides at once.
Padding on all Sides
This example uses the padding property to set padding on all sides of an element.
<p style="border:2px solid red;padding:10px;">
This text has padding of 10 pixels on all four sides.
</p>
This results in:
You can also declare all the padding of an element in a single property as follows:
padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
If you declare all 4 values as I have above, the order is as follows:
<p style="border:1px solid red;padding-left:30px;">This text has left padding of 30 pixels.</p>
This result in
Padding on all Sides
This example uses the padding property to set padding on all sides of an element.
<p style="border:2px solid red;padding:10px;">
This text has padding of 10 pixels on all four sides.
</p>
This results in:
This text has padding of 10 pixels on all four sides.
You can also declare all the padding of an element in a single property as follows:
padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
If you declare all 4 values as I have above, the order is as follows:
- top
- right
- bottom
- left
<p style="border:1px solid red;padding-left:30px;">This text has left padding of 30 pixels.</p>
This result in
This text has left padding of 30 pixels.
CSS Margin
Margins define the space around the element. CSS margins are specified in a similar way to borders - they can be set individually for each side, or all sides at once.The margin property can be set for the top, left, right and bottom of an element. (see example below)
You can also declare all the margins of an element in a single property as follows:
margin: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
If you declare all 4 values as I have above, the order is as follows:
margin: 10px;
If only 2 values are declared (see below)
If only 3 values are declared (see below)
margin:10px 20px 30px;
margin:10px 20px 30px 40px;
margin-top: length percentage or auto;
margin-left: length percentage or auto;
margin-right: length percentage or auto;
margin-bottom: length percentage or auto;
margin-left: length percentage or auto;
margin-right: length percentage or auto;
margin-bottom: length percentage or auto;
Possible Values
Value | Description |
---|---|
auto | The browser sets the margin. The result of this is dependant of the browser |
length | Defines a fixed margin (in pixels, pt, em, etc.) |
% | Defines a margin in % of the containing element |
You can also declare all the margins of an element in a single property as follows:
margin: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
If you declare all 4 values as I have above, the order is as follows:
- top
- right
- bottom
- left
margin: 10px;
If only 2 values are declared (see below)
margin:10px 20px;
Top and bottom have a margin of 10 pixels.
Right and left have a margin of 20 pixels.
If only 3 values are declared (see below)
margin:10px 20px 30px;
- Top is 10px
- Left and right are 20px
- Bottom is 30px
margin:10px 20px 30px 40px;
- Top is 10px
- Right is 20px
- Bottom is 30px
- Left is 40px
CSS Border
CSS allows you to set styles for the border of any HTML element. It also provides you with a way of setting border styles for one or more sides of an element.
The border-style property specifies what kind of border to display. You can set the color, style and width of the borders around an element in one declaration by using the border property.
border-style values:
border: 1px solid #000000;
Values:
Border Color
The border-color property is used to set the color of the border. The color can be set by:
Borders can have the following styles.
Border Width
You can set the width of a border independently with the border-width property.
border-width: value;
Values:
The border-style property specifies what kind of border to display. You can set the color, style and width of the borders around an element in one declaration by using the border property.
border-style values:
border: 1px solid #000000;
Values:
- color
- style
- width
Border Color
The border-color property is used to set the color of the border. The color can be set by:
- color name
- hexadecimal number
- RGB color code
- transparent
Borders can have the following styles.
<p style="border:2px solid blue;">This text has a border style of 'solid'.</p> <p style="border:2px dotted blue;">This text has a border style of 'dotted'.</p> <p style="border:2px dashed blue;">This text has a border style of 'dashed'.</p> <p style="border:2px double blue;">This text has a border style of 'double'.</p> <p style="border:2px groove blue;">This text has a border style of 'groove'.</p> <p style="border:2px ridge blue;">This text has a border style of 'ridge'.</p> <p style="border:2px inset blue;">This text has a border style of 'inset'.</p> <p style="border:2px outset blue;">This text has a border style of 'outset'.</p> <p style="border:2px hidden blue;">This text has a border style of 'hidden'.</p>
This results in:
This text has a border style of 'solid'.
This text has a border style of 'dotted'.
This text has a border style of 'dashed'.
This text has a border style of 'double'.
This text has a border style of 'groove'.
This text has a border style of 'ridge'.
This text has a border style of 'inset'.
This text has a border style of 'outset'.
This text has a border style of 'hidden'.
Border Width
You can set the width of a border independently with the border-width property.
border-width: value;
Values:
- Length
- Thin
- Medium
- Thick
CSS - Backgrounds
This tutorial will teach you how to set backgrounds of various HTML elements. You can set following background properties of an element:
Background-color : property is used to set the background color of an element.
Background-image: property is used to set the background image of an element.
Background-repeat: property is used to control the repetition of an image in the background.
Background-position :property is used to control the position of an image in the background.
Background-attachment: property is used to control the scrolling of an image in the background.
The following is an example that shows how to set the background color of an element.
<p style="background-color:#0000FF;">
This text has a blue background color.
</p>
This will produce following result:
The following is an example that shows how to set the background image of an element.
<p style="background-image:url(http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png);">
This text has a background image set.
</p>
This will produce following result
Repeat the background image:
The following is an example that shows how to set the repeat background image of an element.
<div style="background-image: url(http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png); background-repeat: repeat;">
This text has a repeat background image set.</div>
This will produce following result
Background-color : property is used to set the background color of an element.
Background-image: property is used to set the background image of an element.
Background-repeat: property is used to control the repetition of an image in the background.
Background-position :property is used to control the position of an image in the background.
Background-attachment: property is used to control the scrolling of an image in the background.
The following is an example that shows how to set the background color of an element.
<p style="background-color:#0000FF;">
This text has a blue background color.
</p>
This will produce following result:
This text has a blue background color.
The following is an example that shows how to set the background image of an element.
<p style="background-image:url(http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png);">
This text has a background image set.
</p>
This will produce following result
This text has a background image set.
Repeat the background image:
The following is an example that shows how to set the repeat background image of an element.
<div style="background-image: url(http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png); background-repeat: repeat;">
This text has a repeat background image set.</div>
This will produce following result
This text has a repeat background image set.
ID STYLES
IDs allow you to assign a unique identifier to an HTML element. This allows you to define a style that can only be used by the element you assign the ID to.
CSS ID Syntax
syntax of declaring id is same as class except that instead of using a dot, you use a hash (#).
#id-name { property:value; }
You should use IDs if only one element on the page should have the style applied, and/or you need a unique identifier for that element. For example, you might assign an ID to a div tag which contains your right menu. The styles for this ID could contain the position, font-color, float properties, font-size, height,background-color,width, etc. You probably wouldn't want any other element on the page to use this particular style.
CSS ID Example
<head>
<style type="text/css">
#section{
font-family:"Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size:12px;
color:#000000;
}
#css-section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="section">This is Paragraph</p>
<p id="css-section">This is Paragraph2</p>
</body>
CSS ID Syntax
syntax of declaring id is same as class except that instead of using a dot, you use a hash (#).
#id-name { property:value; }
You should use IDs if only one element on the page should have the style applied, and/or you need a unique identifier for that element. For example, you might assign an ID to a div tag which contains your right menu. The styles for this ID could contain the position, font-color, float properties, font-size, height,background-color,width, etc. You probably wouldn't want any other element on the page to use this particular style.
CSS ID Example
<head>
<style type="text/css">
#section{
font-family:"Courier New", Courier, monospace;
font-size:12px;
color:#000000;
}
#css-section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="section">This is Paragraph</p>
<p id="css-section">This is Paragraph2</p>
</body>
CSS Class
In CSS, classes allow you to apply a style to a given class of an element. To do this, you link the element to the style by declaring a style for the class, then assigning that class to the element.
CSS Class Syntax
You declare a CSS class by using a dot (.) followed by the class name. You make up the class name yourself. After the class name you simply enter the properties/values that you want to assign to your class.
.class-name { property:value; }
If you want to use the same class name for several elements, but each with its own style, you can prefix the dot with names of HTML elements.
html-element-name.class-name { property:value; }
CSS Class Example:
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#000000;
}
.css-section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="section">This is Heading</h1>
<p class="css-section">This is Paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
This results in:
CSS Class Syntax
You declare a CSS class by using a dot (.) followed by the class name. You make up the class name yourself. After the class name you simply enter the properties/values that you want to assign to your class.
.class-name { property:value; }
If you want to use the same class name for several elements, but each with its own style, you can prefix the dot with names of HTML elements.
html-element-name.class-name { property:value; }
CSS Class Example:
<head>
<style type="text/css">
.section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#000000;
}
.css-section{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#FF0000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="section">This is Heading</h1>
<p class="css-section">This is Paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
This results in:
This is Heading
This is Paragraph
Implementing CSS
There are 4 ways of implementing CSS: declare inline, embed into the head of your document, link to an external CSS file, import a CSS file.
Inline CSS
Style sheet information is applied to the current element. Instead of defining the style once, then applying the style against all instances of an element (say the <h1> tag), you only apply the style to the instance you want the style to apply to.
For example:
<h1 style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; color:#0000FF">This is Heading.</h1>
Embedded CSS
You embeded css information into an HTML Document by using "style" element. you do this by css embeddinng the information between <style type="text/css">....</style> tags in the head section of the document.
For example:
<style type="text/css">
h1{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#0000FF;
}
</style>
now, whenever any of those elements are used within the body of the doucment, they will be formatted as mention in above css.
External CSS
An external stylesheet is a separate file, where you can declare all the styles you want to use through their website. You then link to the external style sheet from all your HTML pages.This means that you must set the styles for each element once. To update the style of your site, just to do in one place.
For example:
create new file naming style.css & insert following code in stylesheet(style.css).
h1{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#0000FF;
}
p{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#000000;
}
add the following between <head><head> section of HTML document that you want to refernece the external style sheet.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
Import CSS
You can use the @import rule to import rules from other style sheets.
Add either of the following between the <head></head> tags of all HTML documents that you want to import a style sheet into.
@import "style.css";
@import url("style.css");
Inline CSS
Style sheet information is applied to the current element. Instead of defining the style once, then applying the style against all instances of an element (say the <h1> tag), you only apply the style to the instance you want the style to apply to.
For example:
<h1 style="font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:12px; color:#0000FF">This is Heading.</h1>
Embedded CSS
You embeded css information into an HTML Document by using "style" element. you do this by css embeddinng the information between <style type="text/css">....</style> tags in the head section of the document.
For example:
<style type="text/css">
h1{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#0000FF;
}
</style>
now, whenever any of those elements are used within the body of the doucment, they will be formatted as mention in above css.
External CSS
An external stylesheet is a separate file, where you can declare all the styles you want to use through their website. You then link to the external style sheet from all your HTML pages.This means that you must set the styles for each element once. To update the style of your site, just to do in one place.
For example:
create new file naming style.css & insert following code in stylesheet(style.css).
h1{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:12px;
color:#0000FF;
}
p{
font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size:10px;
color:#000000;
}
add the following between <head><head> section of HTML document that you want to refernece the external style sheet.
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
Import CSS
You can use the @import rule to import rules from other style sheets.
Add either of the following between the <head></head> tags of all HTML documents that you want to import a style sheet into.
@import "style.css";
@import url("style.css");
Sunday, October 10, 2010
CSS Syntax
The syntax of CSS is different from (X) HTML markup. Although it is not too confusing when you take a look. It consists of only 3 parts.
selector { property: value }
The selector is the element (X) HTML style you want. The property is the title of real property and the value is the style applied to this property.
Each selector can have several properties and each property within this selection can have independent values. The property and value are separated by a comma and keys. Several properties are separated by a semicolon. various property values are sperate coma, and if a single value containing more than one word in quotation marks to surround you. As shown below.
body {
background: #eeeeee;
font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Verdana, Arial, serif;
}
As you can see in the code above, I left the font color of the family with a semicolon, different fonts, separated by commas and containing "Trebuchet MS" in quotes. The end result sets the color of body light gray, and sets the font to ones that most users will have installed on there computer.
Combining Selectors
You can combine elements within one selector in the following fashion.
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #009900;
font-family: Georgia, sans-serif;
}
As you can see in the above code, I have grouped all the header elements into one selector. Each one is separated by a comma. The final result of the above code sets all headers to green and to the specified font. If the user does not have the first font I declared it will go to another sans-serif font the user has installed on their computer.
Comment tags
Comments can be used to explain why adding a few options in the CSS file. In order to help others who may see a file or to help you remember what we think later. To add comments, do not consider the browser as follows.
/* This is a comment */
You will note that it begins with a / (forward slash) and than an * (asterisks) then the comment, then the closing tag which is just backward from the opening tag * (asterisks) then the / (forward slash).
selector { property: value }
The selector is the element (X) HTML style you want. The property is the title of real property and the value is the style applied to this property.
Each selector can have several properties and each property within this selection can have independent values. The property and value are separated by a comma and keys. Several properties are separated by a semicolon. various property values are sperate coma, and if a single value containing more than one word in quotation marks to surround you. As shown below.
body {
background: #eeeeee;
font-family: "Trebuchet MS", Verdana, Arial, serif;
}
As you can see in the code above, I left the font color of the family with a semicolon, different fonts, separated by commas and containing "Trebuchet MS" in quotes. The end result sets the color of body light gray, and sets the font to ones that most users will have installed on there computer.
Combining Selectors
You can combine elements within one selector in the following fashion.
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
color: #009900;
font-family: Georgia, sans-serif;
}
As you can see in the above code, I have grouped all the header elements into one selector. Each one is separated by a comma. The final result of the above code sets all headers to green and to the specified font. If the user does not have the first font I declared it will go to another sans-serif font the user has installed on their computer.
Comment tags
Comments can be used to explain why adding a few options in the CSS file. In order to help others who may see a file or to help you remember what we think later. To add comments, do not consider the browser as follows.
/* This is a comment */
You will note that it begins with a / (forward slash) and than an * (asterisks) then the comment, then the closing tag which is just backward from the opening tag * (asterisks) then the / (forward slash).
CSS Introduction
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are a way to control the look and feel of your HTML documents into an organized and efficient manner. A CSS file must have a .css file extension .it can be created using a simple text editor.there are 3 types of css, Internal, External, Inline stylesheet.
with use of CSS you will be able to:
with use of CSS you will be able to:
- Add new look to your old HTML
- Completely restyle a web site with only a few changes into your CSS code
- Use the "style" you can create on any webpage you wish
HTML Images
The images are very important to beautify and representative of many concepts to your web page. Its is true that a picture is worth thuasands words. So, as a web developer, you should have a clear understanding on how to use images in your web pages.
In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. The <img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only, and has no closing tag.
Following is the simple syntax to use this tag.
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" alt="Blogger" border="1" width="150px" height="40" />
This will produce following result:
Following are most frequently used attributes for <img > tag
In HTML, images are defined with the <img> tag. The <img> tag is empty, which means that it contains attributes only, and has no closing tag.
Following is the simple syntax to use this tag.
<img src="http://www.blogger.com/img/logo40.png" alt="Blogger" border="1" width="150px" height="40" />
This will produce following result:
Following are most frequently used attributes for <img > tag
- width: sets width of the image. This will have a value like 150px or 10%etc..
- height: sets height of the image.
- border: sets a border around the image.
- alt:It is an alternative text that will appear if the image is missing.
- align: This sets the horizontal alignment of the image and takes the value either to the left, right or center.
HTML Email Tag
HTML <a> tag provides you facility to specifiy an email address to send an email. While using <a> tag as an email tag then you will use mailto:email address along with href attribute. Following is the syntax of using mailto instead of using http.
<a href="mailto:abhi@gmail.com">Send Email</a>
This code will generate following link:
Send Email
Now if a user will click this link then it will lanuch one Email Client ( like Outlook Express, Lotus Notes, etc. ) installed on your user's computer.
<a href="mailto:abhi@gmail.com">Send Email</a>
This code will generate following link:
Send Email
Now if a user will click this link then it will lanuch one Email Client ( like Outlook Express, Lotus Notes, etc. ) installed on your user's computer.
HTML Marquees
HTML is a big piece of rolling text displayed either horizontally or vertically down your website page based on the parameters. This is created using HTML tag <marquees> .
A simple syntax to use marquee is as follows:
<marquee>This is basic example of marquee</marquee>
This will produce following result:
<marquee direction="right">This text will scroll from left to right</marquee>
This will produce following result:
<marquee direction="up">This text will scroll from bottom to up</marquee>
This will produce following result:
A simple syntax to use marquee is as follows:
<marquee>This is basic example of marquee</marquee>
This will produce following result:
<marquee direction="right">This text will scroll from left to right</marquee>
This will produce following result:
<marquee direction="up">This text will scroll from bottom to up</marquee>
This will produce following result:
HTML Text Links
Web pages can contain links that lead directly to other pages and even individual parts of a given page.These links are known as hyperlinks.
Hyperlinks allow visitors to navigate between pages by clicking on words, phrases and images. This allows you to create hyperlinks using text and images available in your webpage.
When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand. Links are specified in HTML using the <a> tag.
The <a>tag can be used in two ways:
<a href="http://www.w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Learn HTML Online</a>
which will display like this
Learn HTML Online
Following are most frequently used attributes for <a> tag.
Hyperlinks allow visitors to navigate between pages by clicking on words, phrases and images. This allows you to create hyperlinks using text and images available in your webpage.
When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand. Links are specified in HTML using the <a> tag.
The <a>tag can be used in two ways:
- To create a link to another document using the href
- To create a bookmark in a document with the name attribute
<a href="http://www.w3schoolss.blogspot.com/">Learn HTML Online</a>
which will display like this
Learn HTML Online
Following are most frequently used attributes for <a> tag.
- href: Specifies the URL of the target of a hyperlink. Its value is a valid document URL, absolute or relative, including a fragment identifier or a fragment of JavaScript code.
- target: specify where to display the contents of a selected hyperlink. If set to "_blank" then a new window will be opened to display the loaded page, if set to "_top" or "_parent" then same window will be used to display the loaded document, if set to "_self" then loads the new page in current window. By default its "_self".
- event: attributes like onClick, onMouseOver etc. are used to trigger any Javascript of VBscript code.
HTML List
This section lists the tags often used with HTML lists:
<ol>, <ul>, and
<li>.
<ol>The <ol>tag specifies that the following list is ordered. <ul>The <ul>tag specifies that the following list is unordered.
<li>
The </li>
<li> tag lists each item, whether ordered or numbered. Note that each item is indented.
Example 1: Ordered list.
HTML:
<ol>
<li>list 1.</li>
<li>list 2.</li>
</ol>
Display
HTML:
<ul>
<li>Unordered list 1.</li>
<li>Unordered list 2.</li>
</ul>
Display:
<ol>, <ul>, and
<li>.
<ol>The <ol>tag specifies that the following list is ordered. <ul>The <ul>tag specifies that the following list is unordered.
<li>
The </li>
<li> tag lists each item, whether ordered or numbered. Note that each item is indented.
Example 1: Ordered list.
HTML:
<ol>
<li>list 1.</li>
<li>list 2.</li>
</ol>
Display
- list 1.
- list 2.
HTML:
<ul>
<li>Unordered list 1.</li>
<li>Unordered list 2.</li>
</ul>
Display:
- Unordered list 1.
- Unordered list 2.
<ul type="square"> <ul type="disc"> <ul type="circle">
HTML Tables
The tables are very useful for organizing and HTML are used very often, almost all web developers. Tables are like spreadsheets, and are composed of rows and columns.
Will create a table in HTML / XHTML using <table> tags. Inside <table> array element is written row by row. A row is contained in a <tr> tags. which means that the row of the table. And each cell is written in row with <td> tags. representing the data tables.
Example:
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
HTML Tables and the Border Attribute
If you do not specify an attribute of the border, the table will be displayed without borders. Sometimes it can be useful, but mostly, we want the border to display the attribute. To view a table with borders, set the attribute:
Example:
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
Table Cellpadding and Cellspacing:
There are two known attribiutes cellpadding and cellspacing to be used to adjust the white space in table cell. Cellspacing sets the width of the border, while cellpadding is the distance between cell borders and content. Here is an example:
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ramesh Raman</td>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
Will create a table in HTML / XHTML using <table> tags. Inside <table> array element is written row by row. A row is contained in a <tr> tags. which means that the row of the table. And each cell is written in row with <td> tags. representing the data tables.
Example:
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
Row 1, Column 1 | Row 1, Column 2 |
Row 2, Column 1 | Row 2, Column 2 |
HTML Tables and the Border Attribute
If you do not specify an attribute of the border, the table will be displayed without borders. Sometimes it can be useful, but mostly, we want the border to display the attribute. To view a table with borders, set the attribute:
Example:
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
<td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
Row 1, Column 1 | Row 1, Column 2 |
Row 2, Column 1 | Row 2, Column 2 |
Table Cellpadding and Cellspacing:
There are two known attribiutes cellpadding and cellspacing to be used to adjust the white space in table cell. Cellspacing sets the width of the border, while cellpadding is the distance between cell borders and content. Here is an example:
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ramesh Raman</td>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
This will produce following result:
Name | Salary |
---|---|
Ramesh Raman | 5000 |
Shabbir Hussein | 7000 |
HTML Colors
Color Name | HEX | Color |
---|---|---|
AliceBlue | #FF8FF | |
AntiqueWhite | #FAEBD7 | |
Aqua | #00FFFF | |
Aquamarine | #7FFFD4 | |
Azure | #F0FFFF | |
Beige | #F5F5DC | |
Bisque | #FFE4C4 | |
Black | #000000 | |
BlanchedAlmond | #FFEBCD | |
Blue | #0000FF | |
BlueViolet | #8A2BE2 | |
Brown | #A52A2A | |
BurlyWood | #DEB887 | |
CadetBlue | #5F9EA0 | |
Chartreuse | #7FFF00 | |
Chocolate | #D2691E | |
Coral | #FF7F50 | |
CornflowerBlue | #6495ED | |
Cornsilk | #FFF8DC | |
Crimson | #DC143C | |
Cyan | #00FFFF | |
DarkBlue | #00008B | |
DarkCyan | #008B8B | |
DarkGoldenRod | #B8860B | |
DarkGray | #A9A9A9 | |
DarkGreen | #006400 | |
DarkKhaki | #BDB76B | |
DarkMagenta | #8B008B | |
DarkOliveGreen | #556B2F | |
Darkorange | #FF8C00 | |
DarkOrchid | #9932CC | |
DarkRed | #8B0000 | |
DarkSalmon | #E9967A | |
DarkSeaGreen | #8FBC8F | |
DarkSlateBlue | #483D8B | |
DarkSlateGray | #2F4F4F | |
DarkTurquoise | #00CED1 | |
DarkViolet | #9400D3 | |
DeepPink | #FF1493 | |
DeepSkyBlue | #00BFFF | |
DimGray | #696969 | |
DodgerBlue | #1E90FF | |
FireBrick | #B22222 | |
FloralWhite | #FFFAF0 | |
ForestGreen | #228B22 | |
Fuchsia | #FF00FF | |
Gainsboro | #DCDCDC | |
GhostWhite | #F8F8FF | |
Gold | #FFD700 | |
GoldenRod | #DAA520 | |
Gray | #808080 | |
Green | #008000 | |
GreenYellow | #ADFF2F | |
HoneyDew | #F0FFF0 | |
HotPink | #FF69B4 | |
IndianRed | #CD5C5C | |
Indigo | #4B0082 | |
Ivory | #FFFFF0 | |
Khaki | #F0E68C | |
Lavender | #E6E6FA | |
LavenderBlush | #FFF0F5 | |
LawnGreen | #7CFC00 | |
LemonChiffon | #FFFACD | |
LightBlue | #ADD8E6 | |
LightCoral | #F08080 | |
LightCyan | #E0FFFF | |
LightGoldenRodYellow | #FAFAD2 | |
LightGrey | #D3D3D3 | |
LightGreen | #90EE90 | |
LightPink | #FFB6C1 | |
LightSalmon | #FFA07A | |
LightSeaGreen | #20B2AA | |
LightSkyBlue | #87CEFA | |
LightSlateGray | #778899 | |
LightSteelBlue | #B0C4DE | |
LightYellow | #FFFFE0 | |
Lime | #00FF00 | |
LimeGreen | #32CD32 | |
Linen | #FAF0E6 | |
Magenta | #FF00FF | |
Maroon | #800000 | |
MediumAquaMarine | #66CDAA | |
MediumBlue | #0000CD | |
MediumOrchid | #BA55D3 | |
MediumPurple | #9370D8 | |
MediumSeaGreen | #3CB371 | |
MediumSlateBlue | #7B68EE | |
MediumSpringGreen | #00FA9A | |
MediumTurquoise | #48D1CC | |
MediumVioletRed | #C71585 | |
MidnightBlue | #191970 | |
MintCream | #F5FFFA | |
MistyRose | #FFE4E1 | |
Moccasin | #FFE4B5 | |
NavajoWhite | #FFDEAD | |
Navy | #000080 | |
OldLace | #FDF5E6 | |
Olive | #808000 | |
OliveDrab | #6B8E23 | |
Orange | #FFA500 | |
OrangeRed | #FF4500 | |
Orchid | #DA70D6 | |
PaleGoldenRod | #EEE8AA | |
PaleGreen | #98FB98 | |
PaleTurquoise | #AFEEEE | |
PaleVioletRed | #D87093 | |
PapayaWhip | #FFEFD5 | |
PeachPuff | #FFDAB9 | |
Peru | #CD853F | |
Pink | #FFC0CB | |
Plum | #DDA0DD | |
PowderBlue | #B0E0E6 | |
Purple | #800080 | |
Red | #FF0000 | |
RosyBrown | #BC8F8F | |
RoyalBlue | #4169E1 | |
SaddleBrown | #8B4513 | |
Salmon | #FA8072 | |
SandyBrown | #F4A460 | |
SeaGreen | #2E8B57 | |
SeaShell | #FFF5EE | |
Sienna | #A0522D | |
Silver | #C0C0C0 | |
SkyBlue | #87CEEB | |
SlateBlue | #6A5ACD | |
SlateGray | #708090 | |
Snow | #FFFAFA | |
SpringGreen | #00FF7F | |
SteelBlue | #4682B4 | |
Tan | #D2B48C | |
Teal | #008080 | |
Thistle | #D8BFD8 | |
Tomato | #FF6347 | |
Turquoise | #40E0D0 | |
Violet | #EE82EE | |
Wheat | #F5DEB3 | |
White | #FFFFFF | |
WhiteSmoke | #F5F5F5 | |
Yellow | #FFFF00 | |
YellowGreen | #9ACD32 |
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